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چکیده
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Introduction It is clear enough that adolescents engage in more risky behavior than adults, and some of them with high tendency to risky behaviors are different compared to those with low tendency because of some bio-psych-social factors. Tendency to engage in risky behavior could threaten the wellbeing of individuals as well as the population. Some factors that lead adolescents to engage in risky activity are cognitive abilities, personality characters, and learning from the past experiences to manage time. Cognitive planning encompasses the neurological processes involved in formulation, evaluation and selection of a sequence of thoughts and actions to achieve a desired goal. Any kind of dysfunction impairs well organized individual life. Beside cognitive abilities some personality characters could also play a role as a facilitator factor for tendency to risky behavior. Personality characters are considered as constant factors, so they have strong effect on human life. One of these characters is conscientiousness which describes how organized and disciplined a person is and also how careful they are in certain situations. Time management is the act or process of planning and exercising conscious control over the amount of time spent on specific activities, especially to increase effectiveness, efficiency or productivity. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare cognitive planning, personality character: conscientiousness, and time management of two groups of adolescents with high and low tendency to risky behaviors. Hypothesis Adolescents with high tendency to risky behavior are significantly lower in cognitive planning, time management, and conscientiousness. Method This study was conducted in two stages. In stage one, 500 freshmen from Arak University (age 18-20) participated in this study voluntarily. They were asked to fill in a risky behavior questionnaire. A group of 48 students with high and a group of 46 with low scores in risky behaviors (
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