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چکیده
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Iranian writers, in reaction to the limits and pressures of the government in contemporary times, have turned to the worlds created by their own minds. The censorship of newspapers and magazines, the imprisonment of intellectuals, the torture and execution of libertarians over the last 100 years have led Iranian writers to demonstrate their protest implicitly by creating societies that symbolize Iran and contain the features of dystopia. Gholam Hossein Sa'edi (1936-1985) experienced a hot political atmosphere from his childhood. His first writings were published in Tabriz and Tehran political newspapers. He chose story writing as a way of social criticism and along with it, he studied psychology and received his PhD. Due to his inclination toward the Left and his membership in the Communist Party, he was interrogated and arrested many times and was severely prosecuted in the later years of his life. His story book, Azadaran –e - Bayal (1962), is about an imaginary village, called Bayal. The village is a very deprived and benighted place where people go in and out of the houses through the windows and live their lives by stealing from nearby villages. The residents of those villages also steal from Bayal. Death, insanity and unknown diseases roam around them. There is no remedy for their pains and they try to send away the disaster by crying and lamenting, but do not succeed. They have no sense of science, education and civilization, and the only person who is a little wiser than others is Islam who has become insane, expecting nothing except death. With the creation of this dystopia, Sa'edi tries to attract the attention of the government and intellectuals to the backwardness of a large part of the country. Crossing
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