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چکیده
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One of the most important concerns of humanity today is environmental protection. Water pollution with various organic pollutants and the use of toxic and dangerous solvents during chemical reactions are one of the most important problems in the advancement of science and technology. For this purpose, many efforts have been made for years to reduce these pollutions. This thesis is also in sync with green chemistry, looking for green methods for the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles and using them as catalysis. In this thesis, the synthesis of MgZnFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticle was done using Z. spina-Christi (ZSC) extract in a green way. Then the surface of nanoparticles was modified by silver and copper metal ions in order to prepare MgZnFe2O4@ZSC-Ag and MgZnFe2O4@ZSC-Cu nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are identified by conventional techniques for identifying nanoparticles (FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, TGA, VSM and ICP-OES). After the synthesis of nanoparticles, the catalytic application of MgZnFe2O4@ZSC-Cu nanoparticles was investigated in the synthesis of mono and bis-1.4-dihydroquinolines derivatives. High efficiency, short reaction time, use of green water solvent, easy separation of the catalyst and its recovery and reuse during 4 times are the most important advantages of this work. In addition, the catalysis application of MgZnFe2O4@ZSC-Ag and MgZnFe2O4@ZSC-Cu nanoparticles were comparatively investigated in the synthesis of nitrophenols and the results showed that MgZnFe2O4@ZSC-Ag nanoparticles show a better performance in the reduction of nitrophenols and the reduction rate of 3-nitrophenol is more than 4-nitrophenol. Also, the antimicrobial activity of MgZnFe2O4@ZSC, MgZnFe2O4@ZSC-Ag and MgZnFe2O4@ZSC-Cu nanoparticles was investigated in E. coli and S. aureus bacterial strains and the results show the better performance of MgZnFe2O4@ZSC-Ag nanoparticles. MgZnFe2O4@ZSC-Ag Magnetic nanoparticles showed zone inhibitions of 10 and 8 mm respectively against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria. A summary of this work can be seen in Scheme 1.
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