|
چکیده
|
An antifouling composite membrane was developed through surface modification of a polyethersulfone substrate with a sodium alginate–carboxymethyl cellulose SA/CMC-modified PES membranes. In this approach, SA served as the coating matrix, while CMC nanoparticles were incorporated as hydrophilic additives to enhance surface wettability. The structural and physicochemical properties of the prepared membranes were characterized by FTIR, field FE-SEM, 3D surface imaging, contact angle analysis, porosity, average pore size, water content, pure water flux, and salt rejection tests. The incorporation of CMC into the SA polymeric network enhanced hydrophilicity and produced a smoother and more homogeneous surface, leading to improved permeability and rejection performance. The contact angle of the modified membrane decreased from 50.4◦ to 30.1◦, while its porosity and water content significantly increased. Consequently, Na2SO4 rejection improved from 62 % for the pristine PES membrane to over 90 % for the PES/SA–CMC hydrogel nanocomposite membrane (1 wt%), and the pure water flux increased from 5.5 to 7.4 L⋅m⁻²⋅h⁻¹ . Furthermore, the modified membrane exhibited excellent antifouling performance with a flux recovery ratio exceeding 85 %. These results demonstrate that the modified membrane provides an efficient and green approach to improving the hydrophilicity, permeability, and antifouling characteristics of PES membranes for wastewater treatment applications.
|