Diabetes is a metabolic disorder inducing undesirable effects on male reproductive system. Cannabis sativa (C. sativa) is a plant that affects diabetes and decreases blood glucose. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of Cannabis sativa hydroalcoholic extract on sperm parameters in diabetic rats. Thirty five male Wistar rats (210-240 gr) were divided into five groups: control (distilled water) and four diabetic (60 mg/kg STZ) groups. Diabetic groups were assigned to one diabetic and three experimental groups (receiving 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg extract). Extract was administered interaperitonealy (IP) for 14 days. The animals were weighed and sacrificed at the end of the study. Blood sample was taken and serum testosterone was measured via ELISA method. Also, testes were weighed and sperms were collected from cauda epididymis and analyzed in terms of count, motility and morphology. Histological slides were prepared from testis and seminiferous tubules diameter was determined using Motic camera and software. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA method and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean of blood glucose in experimental groups indicated a significant decrease compared to diabetic group (P=0.00). The mean of sperms count and motility, percentage of sperms with normal morphology, testosterone hormone level, seminiferous tubules diameter, and final body weight in diabetic and experimental groups decreased significantly compared to control group (P=0.00). Cannabis sativa hydroalcoholic extract can induce a moderating effect on hyperglasemia resulting from diabetes, but has no ameliorating effect on diabetic reproductive dysfunctions.
