Many metals, including aluminum, are good for human health, and by affecting the brain, they lead to disorders in the nervous system. On the other hand, our country is facing middle age and age-related diseases, Alzheimer's. According to past research, probiotics have anti-inflammatory properties. In the current study, the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotic on neuroinflammation and the number of healthy hippocampal neurons in Alzheimer's male rats treated with aluminum chloride was investigated. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into seven control groups, streptozotocin, aluminum chloride, streptozotocin-aluminum chloride, streptozotocin-probiotic, aluminum chloride-probiotic, streptozotocin-aluminum chloride-probiotic. Animals received intracerebroventricular injection of saline or streptozotocin (3 mg/kg). Saline or Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotic (1.5 x 108 CFU/ml) was treated for 14 days by gavage and aluminum chloride (0.8 g/L) dissolved in drinking water. Then healthy hippocampus neurons were counted and inflammatory factors were measured in blood serum. Compared to the control group, treatment with aluminum chloride and streptozotocin increased blood serum levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6) (p<0.05) and decreased healthy neurons in CA1, CA2 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus (0.001). 0p<). In streptozotocin and aluminum chloride groups, treatment with Lactobacillus acidophilus reduced inflammatory factors (p<0.05) and increased healthy hippocampal neurons (p<0.001). Probably, streptozotocin and aluminum chloride lead to neurotoxicity and destruction of neurons by causing inflammation. Lactobacillus acidophilus prevents the adverse effects of streptozotocin and aluminum chloride alone or together on hippocampal cells by preventing the increase of inflammatory factors.
