Purpose and Background: This study aims to investigate the effect of concurrent endurance and resistance training on the lipid profile and pulmonary function of petrochemical workers. Methods: This study was conducted experimentally with a pre-test and post-test design on 80 petrochemical workers (40 in the training group and 40 in the control group). For the training group, an exercise program including concurrent endurance and resistance training for 12 weeks was designed. This program included 3 training sessions per week, each session including 30 minutes of endurance training (running or cycling) and 30 minutes of resistance training (weightlifting and physical exercises). The control group did not make any changes to their exercise program. Lipid profile and pulmonary function were assessed before the start of the program and after the completion of 12 weeks. Findings: The results showed that concurrent training has a positive effect on the lipid profile. LDL cholesterol levels in the training group were significantly reduced (p<0.01) and HDL cholesterol levels were increased (p<0.05). Also, pulmonary function in the training group was associated with improved vital capacity (p=0.001) and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (p=0.021). Conclusion: Overall, this study shows that concurrent endurance and resistance training can help improve the lipid profile and pulmonary function of petrochemical workers and have positive effects on their physical health. These findings can be the basis for designing effective exercise programs in industrial environments and help promote employee health.
