Malaria is a common infectious disease in some parts of the world, especially Africa and Southeast Asia. Although many efforts have been made by various international organizations, this disease still exists as an epidemic in some areas. So far, various physical and chemical methods have been used to control this disease, which in some cases have had harmful consequences such as environmental pollution and vector resistance to chemical toxins and pesticides. One of the ways to control malaria disease is to control the Anopheles mosquito population as the vector of this disease. The use of biological and scientific methods, including genetic manipulation of Anopheles mosquitoes and the use of natural predators of Anopheles mosquitoes, such as spiders, can be suitable solutions to reduce the spread of the disease in the world. Spiders are a group of arthropods that have a high number and species diversity and live in most parts of the world. A group of jumping spiders of the family Salticidae are specialized to feed on mosquitoes, which feed on vertebrate blood. Few species of these spider has also been reported from Iran, and of course, considering the size of the country, high habitat diversity, and few systematic and faunal studies in many areas, there is a possibility of the presence of more species. Although the biological control of Anopheles mosquitoes by these spiders is a useful way to reduce the mosquito population and control malaria, it is not a definitive alternative to common control methods.
