Diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic kidney disease, is a serious complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This condition affects the kidneys' normal function of removing waste products and excess fluid from the body. ANRIL (Antisense Noncoding RNA in the INK4 locus) is a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that plays a significant role in regulating the expression of other genes. This lncRNA has been linked to various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. The long noncoding RNA ANRIL has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. However, the clinical significance of ANRIL in patients remains unclear. In this study, to investigate the correlation between ANRIL expression levels and the likelihood of developing diabetic nephropathy, 40 healthy individuals (controls) and 80 patients of both sexes were examined. RT-qPCR was used to measure ANRIL expression levels. cDNA was synthesized first, followed by quantification of the target gene expression using specific primers. SPSS software and the t-test were used to analyze the data and extract meaningful information. The results showed that ANRIL expression was significantly higher in diabetic nephropathy patients compared to the control group, and it can be concluded that high ANRIL expression in peripheral blood of patients is associated with the progression of diabetic nephropathy and is an independent risk factor for diabetic nephropathy.
