Today use of municipal or industrial wastewater as alternative source of water for irrigation purpose is a common practice. The present study has been carried out to understand the effect of wastewater on some physiological and phytochemical parameters of Aegilops columnaris. It is considered to be one of the ancestors of the cultivated wheat, also consists of only one donor species to the gene pool of Triticum and has an important potential utilization in wheat improvement. Two cultivation groups consist of control (urban drinking water irrigation) and treated wastewater plants (wastewater irrigation) of A. columnaris were prepared in equal soil and cultivation condition in 10 replications for 8 weeks. Wastewater was obtained from the Arak, Iran sewage ponds. Then 30 physiological and phytochemical parameters were studied and calculated for all of control and treated plants. Data analyzed using EXCEL and SPSS. Results showed using wastewater for irrigation of cultivated A. columnaris increased all of growth parameters with the exception of aerial part and root water contents % in comparison with control. Chlorophylls and carotenoids reduced while increasing root and aerial parts prolin, water soluble carbohydrates and catalase were seen in treated plants. Positive correlation was observed between aerial part Na and root and aerial part prolin and carbohydrates. Aerial part catalse showed positive correlation with aerial growth parameters, root and aerial part prolin and carbohydrates amounts and correlated negative to photosynthetic pigments (P<0.01).
