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چکیده
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Global warming is a serious threat to humans and other creatures’ existence. In recent years, it has led to devastating consequences among which storms, as witnessed in all over the world, can be pointed out. It has also caused sea and ocean levels rise, the soil grows dry, and the quantity and quality of agricultural crops decrease. Moreover, the extinction of species is the other side of the problem. Political conflicts caused by the migration of people from poor and crisis-hit countries to rich countries can be mentioned as one of the other consequences. Human activities, such as vast consumptions of fossil fuels, which release gases including carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) into the atmosphere, preserve the temperature in the atmosphere as the main causes of global warming. However, some natural phenomena can alter climatic conditions around the world. Couple of studies has proven that the role of human is more destructive than natural ones. The ParisWorld Summit on global warming and climate change has underscored the importance of country’s combat against this phenomenon. Biotechnology, as a leading science, provides novel solutions for this crisis and plays an inevitable role in reducing greenhouse gases. Genetic engineering methods such as genome editing, or gene transfer could suitably overcome the severe environmental conditions by increasing the efficiency of photosynthesis and overall biomass. Optimizing biofuel production and providing environmentally friendly fuels that are easily feasible via biotechnology are the possible methods that reduce greenhouse gases and ultimately control the global warming. Here, in this review, we discuss the possible ways that biotechnology can help to ameliorate the global warming effect.
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