Rosa damascena Mill., commonly known as the Damask rose, is a fragrant flower that is extensively grown for its essential oil, which finds applications in the perfume and cosmetics industries [1]. The use of species distribution modeling methods can provide valuable insights into the edaphic factors that potentially impact the cultivation and distribution of R. damascena in Iran [2]. Modeling results indicate that the distribution of R. damascena is influenced by various significant edaphic variables. This particular species thrives in a moderate climate, characterized by average temperatures ranging between 15°C and 25°C throughout the growing season. Several climatic variables, including Bio1 (Annual Mean Temperature), Bio2 (Mean Diurnal Range), Bio5 (Max Temperature of Warmest Month), Bio6 (Min Temperature of Coldest Month), and Bio7 (Temperature Annual Range), play key roles in determining the distribution of Rosa plants. Changes in climate, such as rising temperatures or irregular rainfall patterns, can have an impact on the growth and quality of these roses. Also, Bio12 (Annual Precipitation) and Bio18 (Precipitation of Warmest Quarter) are important factors for Damask rose growth. For optimal cultivation of R. damascena, the annual rainfall range of approximately 500-800 millimeters is considered suitable for dry farming. Altitude also plays a crucial role in the successful cultivation of the Damask rose, with the plant favoring higher altitudes between 800 and 1,500 meters above sea level. Therefore, the most suitable areas for cultivating R. damascena are typically found in the mountainous regions of central, northeastern, western, and northwestern parts of the country. Additionally, apart from soil-related factors, economic conditions, including market demand and prices, can influence the cultivation and distribution of this species.
