The impact of written texts, as a form of visual support, on foreign language learners' listening comprehension has received special attention in recent years. This study investigated the role of written texts as a form of support in comprehending audio materials. The main objective was to examine the effect of texts on audio-based listening. A linguistically homogeneous groups of second language learners listened to audio texts under different conditions of (1) texts before listening to audio materials (2) texts during listening to audio materials and (3) text-free listening. According to results, from pair-wise comparisons, listeners' scores varied significantly across the three test formats (p
