Introduction: Changes in plasma adiponectin, leptin, and inflammatory parameters in type 2 diabetes are due to obesity and directly related to diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise training (E.T.) on the ratio of adiponectin to leptin and C-reactive protein (CRP) in type 2 diabetic rats. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 24 Wistar rats with a mean weight of 211±32 were randomly assigned to healthy control, diabetic control, and diabetic exercise training groups. The diabetic training group received ten weeks of E.T. following the induction of diabetes. During the experimental period, blood samples were collected to evaluate biochemical parameters. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance at the significant level of P≤0.05. Findings: The induction of diabetes resulted in a significant decrease in adiponectin (P =0.001) and leptin (P=0.001) and an increase in C-reactive protein (P=0.001) in the diabetic control group compared to the healthy control group Became of E.T. resulted in a decrease in blood glucose (P=0.121), C-reactive protein (P=0.045), and an increase in serum leptin levels (P=0.021), adiponectin (P=0.32) In the E.T. group compared to the diabetic control group. Conclusions: It seems exercise training (E.T.) improves inflammation (C-reactive protein) in type 2 diabetic rats by altering adiponectin and leptin serum levels. In the present study, eight weeks of E.T. group training led to an increase in the adiponectin to leptin ratio and reduced C-reactive protein.
