Background and Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the Effects of Endurance Training on Reproductive Hormones and sperm parameters in Streptozotocin–Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Rats. Methods: In this experimental study، thirty-six adult male Wistar rats in the weight range of 200±50 gr, were randomly assigned into three groups: healthy control, diabetic control, and diabetic Endurance. For inducing diabetes, after twelve hours of food starvation, an intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide solution (120 mg/kg) and STZ solution (65 mg/kg) method was used. One week after the STZ injection, the endurance training protocol was performed for ten weeks, and Twenty-four hours after the last training session, the left epididymis of the rats was examined for studying sperm parameters, and blood serum samples were examined for evaluating reproductive hormones. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Turkey’s Post Hoc test at 0.05%. Results: Ten weeks of resistance training-induced a significant reduction in blood glucose in the Endurance training group in comparison to the diabetic group (P=0.013). In addition, Endurance training induced significant increases in serum testosterone (P=0.002) LH (P=0.002), and FSH (P=0.029) levels in the Endurance training group in comparison to the diabetic control group. In addition, sperm parameters such as sperm count (P=0.065), and normal morphology (P=0.067) presented no significant improvements compared to the healthy control group. Conclusion: Endurance training can improve sperm parameters, including sperm count and normal morphology Sperm through increasing serum testosterone, LH, and FSH levels (reproductive hormones) in rats with diabetes mellitus type 2. g.
