Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of high-intensity interval training on inflammatory markers in male rats undergoing X-ray radiation. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: healthy control (n=6), HIIT (n=6), X-ray radiation (n=6) and X-ray radiation + HIIT (n=6). X-ray radiation and HIIT + X-ray radiation groups were first anesthetized with ketamine xylazine solution (K, 60-90 kg/mg; Z, 6-10 kg/mg) and then placed on a 1 cm thick Plexiglas plate. The X-ray radiation photon beam was performed using X-ray with 4 Gy linear accelerators (Elekta Compact 6-MV China). The training program included 10 weeks of HIIT. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in different groups (p <0.05). Also, it was found that there was a significant difference between TNF-α and IL-6 in the HIIT, X-ray radiation, and HIIT + X-ray radiation groups with the control group (p <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the means of these three groups (p >0.05). Conclusion: Radiotherapy can increase inflammatory factors. HIIT, on the other hand, can enhance these factors. It seems that to improve their health, people undergoing radiotherapy should not use HIIT.
