Background and Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that often causes balance impairment, increased fear of falling, and decreased quality of life in affected individuals. Exercise interventions, including backward walking exercises, can help improve these functions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of backward walking exercises on balance, fear of falling, and quality of life in women with multiple sclerosis. Methods: Thirty-four women with MS participated and were randomly assigned to two backward walking and forward walking groups (17 in each group). Both groups performed an eight-week exercise program. Balance was assessed using [a specific test, such as the Berg Balance Scale], fear of falling with [a specific questionnaire, such as the Falls Efficacy Scale], and quality of life with the SF-36 questionnaire. Results before and after the intervention were compared using appropriate statistical tests. Results: Backward walking exercises significantly improved balance and reduced fear of falling compared to the forward walking group (p < 0.05). However, no significant change in quality of life scores was observed between groups after the intervention (p = 0.42). Conclusion: Backward walking exercises can be an effective strategy to improve balance and reduce fear of falling in women with MS, although it may not have a significant effect on overall quality of life. These findings support the inclusion of backward walking exercises in rehabilitation programs for women with MS.
