Background: Cisplatin is a potent chemotherapeutic agent whose clinical use is limited by acute nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on renal function and histology in cisplatin-treated rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to four groups (n=8): Healthy control (HC): No intervention; cisplatin control (CC): Received cisplatin only (single intraperitoneal injection, 5 mg/kg); exercise control (Ex): Underwent 8-week HIIT protocol only (treadmill running), cisplatin+exercise (Cis+Ex): Received cisplatin + 8-week HIIT protocol. Nephrotoxicity was induced by a single intraperitoneal cisplatin injection (5 mg/kg). Serum creatinine and urea were measured, and kidney tissues were analyzed using stereological methods. Results: Cisplatin administration significantly increased serum creatinine (CC: 1.28±0.11 mg/dL vs HC: 0.45±0.08 mg/dL, P=0.001) and urea (CC: 112.5±8.4 mg/dL vs HC: 45.3±5.1 mg/dL, P=0.001). HIIT in cisplatin-treated rats significantly reduced these levels (creatinine: C-HIIT: 0.68±0.09 mg/ dL vs CC, P=0.016; urea: C-HIIT: 58.7±6.9 mg/dL vs CC, P=0.005). Stereological analysis revealed cisplatin-induced increases in kidney volume (P=0.003), glomerular volume (p=0.039), and cortical volume (P=0.02), which were significantly attenuated by HIIT (P<0.05 for all). Conclusion: An 8-week HIIT protocol significantly ameliorated cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction and histological damage in rats. These findings highlight the
