Background and Aim: Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a crucial indicator of metabolic control, obesity prevention, and homeostasis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise training on SIRT1 protein levels and insulin resistance indices in adults. Materials and Methods: A systematic search of English and Persian articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SID, and Magiran databases was conducted until September 2024. The mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a randomeffects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the (I2) test, and publication bias was assessed using visual analysis of funnel plots and Egger’s test. Results: A total of 14 studies, involving 16 interventions and 448 adult participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that exercise training significantly increased SIRT1 (weighted mean difference [WMD]=1.511, [95% CI, 1.145%, 1.878%], P=0.001). Significant reductions were observed in glucose (WMD=-11.362, [95% CI, -18.367%, -4.357%], P=0.001), insulin (WMD=-1.682, [95% CI, -2.837%, -0.527%], P=0.004), and insulin resistance (WMD=- 0.900, [95% CI, -1.221%, -0.580%], P=0.001) compared to the control group. This occurs in adults. Conclusion: The results of the present meta-analysis showed that exercise training, with its effective influence on SIRT1 levels, glucose, and insulin resistance, can be an effective nonpharmacological method for increasing SIRT1 levels, reducing glucose andinsulin, and improving insulin resistance in adults.
