Coriandrum sativum L. (Coriander) is one of the important culinary herb of Apiaceae family, which widely cultivated in various countries of the world. The aim of this study is to analyze the chemical composition of seed essential oil in one Iraqi population of coriander using GC, and GC/MS. A total of 99.87% of the essential oil composition was identified. Sixteen components were detected in the essential oil. The predominant fraction of the essential oil consisted of monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH), accounting for 92.35%, while oxygenated monoterpenes (MO) made up 7.62% of the composition. No sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (SH) or oxygenated sesquiterpenes (SO) were detected. Among the major components of the oil, linalool was the most abundant, followed by gamma-Terpinene, α-Pinene, and Geranyl acetate. Camphor and geraniol were also present, while in trace quantities. Trace amounts of other components were: α-thujene, camphene, sabinene, beta-pinene, beta-myrcene, ortho-cymene, and limonene. The obtained results agreed with some earlier studies on coriander seed oil. However, the environmental parameters of habitat strongly affect essential oil major component amounts
