Robust estimates of species population abundance are necessary for the success of conservation plans and species management strategies. In the present study, our main objective was described a combination method to estimate of detection probability (P) at hands of estimating population size of adult and subadult individuals N. kaiseri. N. kaiseri is listed as a critically endangered species because of its highly fragmented breeding habitat and also because it occupies a small range during its reproductive period. We did determine P in our study, which would have allowed us to estimate population size, we conducted the visual encounter surveys at various times of morning, noon and afternoon during March until April, which is likely when the detection probability reaches its highest value for three years. The observation possibility of the Lorestan newts is highest in the evening approximately 60% and lowest in the noon about 46% while detection probability in Morning was about 50% (P value ≤0.05). We surveyed a total of 55 sites in the southwestern of Iran for N. kaiseri. The Lorestan newts used a considerable variation of Aquatic habitats. Population size of the Lorestan newt (adult and subadult individuals) by P estimated at least 14709 ± 247. However, these findings suggest that the true population size there is not big. It is essential that we coherent conservation program such as captive management as a stopgap component of an integrated port conservation effort, population of N. kaiseri in small sites could become extinct.
