A heterogeneous anion exchange membrane was modified by introducing polyaniline nanoparticles, in order to enhance its electrochemical properties in view of chloride and sulfate ion removal from water. Polyaniline nanoparticles were synthesized by facile chemical polymerization technique. Nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, FESEM, and XRD. In addition, SOM images showed a uniform surface for membranes. Utilizing PANI nanoparticles in membrane body led to increase of water content, ion exchange capacity, surface hydrophilicity, and electrical conductivity. Membrane transport number and permselectivity were improved in NaCl solution by incorporating PANI nanoparticles; in Na2SO4 solution, they showed an opposite trend. The chloride and sulfate flux were enhanced by a low PANI concentration and declined at higher concentration. Modified PANI membranes showed a lower selectivity and flux for bivalent ions compared to monovalent ions. Membrane mechanical resistance was increased by using PANI in concentrations up to 2 wt% and decreased at higher PANI ratios.
