Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a complex and incurable hematologic malignancy that arises from the malignant transformation of plasma cells in the bone marrow,this disease is characterized by the overproduction of abnormal monoclonal immunoglobulins, which can lead to a variety of clinical manifestations, including bone lesions, renal dysfunction, anemia, and immunodeficiency, The current study aims to measure some new parameters that help in the early diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Materials and Methods: This study comprised 60 patients with multiple myeloma (37 males and 23 females), aged between 40 -80 years. The study was conducted from October 2022 to Jaunary 2023. to the hematology consultation clinics in teaching hospitals within Baghdad and Babil governorates for diagnosis and treatment. The healthy control group consisted of30 individuals (11 males, 19 females), aged between 40 to 60, who were free from any medical conditions. All participants in this study provided their consent before taking part. Results: The study showed that the majority of patients with multiple myeloma in age 51-60 years, Gender were males more than females, body mass index was in patient more than control was significant, The serum level of albumin was a considerably significant decrease in multiple myeloma patients compared to controls. While the level of Carboxy-terminal Telopeptide of type -1 collagen (CTX-1) was a significant increase in MM compared to control groups. So, the serum of fibulin increased significantly different compared to the healthy control group. While the level of vitamin D was decreased compared to control groups with highly significant differences in the the groups under study. Additionally, the results of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) indicated significant difference between patients and control groups, There were significant differences between the studied group's relation to serum electrophoresis biomarkers; and significant differences between male and female relation to gamma, and paraprotein. While non-significance differences between gender relate to total protein, albumin, alfa1, alfa2, and beta. The results of White blood cells (WBCs) and red blood cells (RBCs) had significant differences between study groups. While non-significant differences in platelets among studied groups. Conclusion: Symptoms of the disease vary greatly from patient to patient for unknown reasons. Delayed diagnosis of the disease leads to increased severity of the disease and treatment costs as it is observed that most of the new cases where the disease is advanced and the reason is due to the patients neglect when symptoms appear.
