Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) has a rich historical background in traditional medicine and is currently the subject of scientific exploration due to its potential health benefits. In this review, the biological characteristics of pomegranate, with a specific focus on the diverse phytochemicals found in its various parts were investigated. Additionally, the medicinal and therapeutic properties associated with these phytochemicals were explored. Pomegranates are abundant in bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, flavones, flavonols, anthocyanidins, ellagic acid, anthocyanins, ellagitannins, and punicic acid. These compounds are associated with various potential health benefits based on the laboratory data. Chromatography and mass spectrometry are used to identify these phytochemicals. Traditional medicinal uses of pomegranate span a broad spectrum, from treating ailments like diarrhoea to combating parasites, underscoring its historical significance. Furthermore, modern scientific research sheds light on the therapeutic properties of pomegranate, including its roles as an antioxidant, an anticancer agent, an anti-inflammatory substance, and a supporter of cardiovascular health. Notably, pomegranate’s potential in mitigating conditions, such as Alzheimer‘s disease is also attractive. In summary, exploring phytochemicals in pomegranate underscores its value as a natural source of diverse therapeutic compounds with applications in medicine and health. However, future clinical trials are necessary to validate these potential benefits.
