The Mil-125(Ti)-CS nanocomposite was successfully synthesized and characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Then, to improve the membrane performance, the synthesized Mil-125(Ti)-CS nanocomposite was embedded into the polyethersulfone (PES) membrane matrix. The nanofiltration membranes were fabricated via phase inversion method. Presence of chitosan in the structure of Mil-125(Ti) has increased the compatibility of nanoparticles with the polymer and also improved the hydrophilicity of the resulted membranes. The water contact angle of bare membrane (58◦) was reduced to 40◦by blending of 1 wt% nanocomposite led to increasing the pure water flux. However, the incorporation of more than 1 wt% of the nanocomposite caused the accumulation of nano-composites and this was reduced the pore radius and permeability. The membrane containing 1 wt% nano-composite was displayed the highest flux recovery ratio (FRR) ~ 98% in bovine serum albumin (BSA) filtration. The membranes containing Mil-125(Ti)-CS also showed good performance against fouling. The performance of membranes was evaluated by treatment of six reactive dyes, antibiotic (cefixime), heavy metal, NaCl and Na2SO4 solutions. Addition of Mil-125(Ti)-CS NPs at low concentrations resulted in membranes with high pure water flux, higher separation efficiency, and remarkable antifouling behavior.
