These days, climate change issues and their impacts on the economy, social and natural system ofcountries have become the main concern of worldwide, even for those countries that are facing majoreconomic problems. These issues arise from the combustion of fossil fuels. One of the major contributorsto global CO2emission is the transport sector. Therefore, in order to identify the trends and character-istics of transport carbon emissions this study reviews the relevant literature significantly; and de-composes carbon emission in this sector in 7 top transport CO2emitter countries by applying thelogarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI). The results indicated that, during 2000e15, transport carbonemissions increased in the United States, China, India, Canada, Russia, and Brazil whereas decreased inJapan. Hence, in the majority of these countries, energy conservation strategies were not successfullyimplemented during the study period. In the majority of countries, the main contributor to CO2emissionreductions was carbon intensity, whereas the main drivers of CO2emission increases were electricitystructure and economic output effects. Reductions in carbon emissions could be achieved by furtheroptimizing energy structures, limiting the private vehicle population. A set of policies and regulations,from demand-side and supply-side, must be implemented to be effective in reducing GHGs emissions.
