In the present scenario nanoscale devices have emerged with the capability to analyse associated plant diseases, nutrient deficiencies or any other ailments that affect food security in agroecosystems. It has been envisioned that smart delivery systems for agriculture can exhibit benign multifunctional characteristics to avoid habitat-imposed stresses for successful targeting. Nanoparticle-mediated smart delivery systems can examine the effects of delivery of nutrients or bioactive and/or pesticide molecules. It has been investigated that nanoparticles in plants might determine the nutritional status of plants and help in suitable curative measures upon induction in agroecosystems. To enhance soil and crop productivity, attempts have been made to make nano-fertilizers and their delivery to the crops by deploying nanotechnology. In concomitant with nano-delivery, nano-fertilizer may be defined as nanoparticles that may directly help in supplying essential nutrients for plant growth and soil productivity. Herein, nanoparticles can absorb on to the clay network, thereby preventing fixation through releasing into the soil solution that can be utilized by plants; thus, progression improves soil health and nutrient use efficiency by crops. Furthermore, fertilizer particles can be coated with nanoparticles that make possible the slow and steady release of nutrients, thereby reducing loss of nutrients and enhancing its use efficiency of agri-crops. Therefore, regardless of the fact that nanotechnology in agroecosystem is mostly speculative at this stage and requires an attention to be continued to have a momentous effect in nanoparticle-mediated delivery systems for agri-inputs to sustenance. By keeping above views in mind, the present book is designed to explore nanotechnology in agroecosystems with reference to biogenic nanoparticles. Hence, the emphasis has given on: • Occurrence and diversity of biogenic nanoparticles • Mechanistic approach involved in the synthesis of
