Abiotic stresses (drought, salinity, and high and low temperatures) negatively affect rice production. To understand the responses of rice to abiotic stress and its mechanisms of stress tolerance, high-throughput omics approaches have been used. Understanding of the molecular responses of rice to abiotic stress, help to provide effective management strategies. Genomic data, by providing major markers is a key factor for breeding processes. Transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics give scientists a vast viewpoint of functional genomics. Phenomics create links among observed phenotypes and genetic codes. The integration of all these approaches will lead to comprehensive knowledge about rice plants main defense mechanisms against abiotic stress. In this chapter, we review the molecular mechanisms of stress tolerance in rice plants on the omic level.
